Scrotal tongue, also known as furrowed tongue, lingua fissurata, lingua plicata, lingua scrotalis, plicated tongue, or grooved tongue, is a condition characterized by the development of fissures in the tongue, giving it a wrinkled appearance. These fissures can vary in number, ranging from a single groove in the middle of the tongue with branches, to multiple fissures.
While typically present from birth, scrotal tongue may not be noticeable until later in life, as the fissures become more pronounced with age. It can also be caused by factors such as infection, malnutrition, and certain health conditions including Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, Down syndrome, and benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue).
Symptoms of scrotal tongue are usually benign, with some individuals experiencing a burning sensation when consuming spicy or acidic foods due to deep fissures. Additionally, these deep fissures can harbor bacteria or food debris, leading to bad breath or fungal infections.
Treatment for scrotal tongue is often unnecessary, with many individuals not requiring intervention. However, if symptoms like a burning sensation persist, consulting a doctor is recommended to explore potential treatment options, which may include medication for infections. Maintaining good tongue hygiene is also advised.