During childhood and adolescence, girls with Turner syndrome may require the expertise of a pediatric endocrinologist, a specialist in childhood hormone and metabolism conditions. Growth hormone injections are often recommended for some individuals with Turner syndrome, starting in early childhood to potentially increase final adult height by a few inches.
Estrogen replacement therapy typically commences at the onset of normal puberty, around 12 years of age, to initiate breast development. Subsequently, estrogen and progesterone may be introduced to establish a monthly menstrual cycle, essential for uterine health, and prevent osteoporosis.
For babies born with a heart murmur or aortic narrowing, corrective surgery may be necessary. Cardiologists will evaluate and oversee any required treatment.
Girls with Turner syndrome are more prone to middle ear infections, which, if recurrent, may lead to hearing loss and require evaluation by a pediatrician or ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT).
High blood pressure is common among women with Turner syndrome, often due to aortic narrowing or kidney abnormalities. Routine blood pressure monitoring is crucial, and medication may be prescribed if necessary. Additionally, there is a slightly increased risk of underactive thyroid or diabetes, which should be monitored and managed accordingly.
Regular health check-ups are vital, and specialized clinics for Turner syndrome are available in some regions, offering access to various specialists for comprehensive care. Early preventive measures and treatment are essential.
While most women with Turner syndrome are infertile, pregnancy using donor embryos may be an option. With appropriate medical care and support, women with Turner syndrome can lead normal, healthy, and fulfilling lives.