
A colon polyp is a small cluster of cells that develops on the lining of the colon. While most colon polyps are benign, they can potentially become cancerous over time and should therefore be addressed promptly. Although anyone can develop colon polyps, certain individuals are at higher risk, including those over the age of 50, smokers, overweight individuals, and those with a diet high in fat and low in fiber, or a family history of colon cancer or polyps.
Polyps, like many cancers, arise from abnormal cell growth. Normally, healthy cells in the body grow and divide in a regulated manner. However, mutations in certain genes can disrupt this process, causing cells to grow and divide uncontrollably. In the case of the rectum and colon, this unregulated growth can lead to the formation of polyps. If left untreated, these polyps can progress to cancer. Polyps can develop anywhere in the large intestine and may vary in size and shape, with larger polyps carrying a greater risk of cancer development.