Ultrasound scanning, also known as sonography, is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize tissues and organs within the body. This method utilizes high-frequency sound waves, which are inaudible to humans, to create images of internal structures. Comparable to sonar technology used to detect objects underwater, ultrasound scanning generates detailed images by transmitting sound waves into the body and capturing the echoes that bounce back.
Ultrasound is particularly effective for visualizing soft tissues and organs filled with fluid, providing excellent image clarity. However, it is less effective for examining air-filled organs or bones. Despite its high level of detail, ultrasound scanning is a painless procedure that typically lasts between 15 to 30 minutes, making it a preferred diagnostic tool in many medical settings.
What are ultrasounds used for
Ultrasound is frequently employed to monitor the development of the fetus during pregnancy. Additionally, it can assess various medical conditions, including identifying lumps such as cysts, as well as determining the size and shape of abdominal and pelvic organs. Ultrasound is also useful for detecting conditions like gallstones and blood clots in the legs, providing valuable diagnostic information in a non-invasive manner.
How to prepare for ultrasound
Preparation for an ultrasound procedure varies depending on the area of the body being scanned. For abdominal scans, you may need to restrict food and drink intake beforehand. Conversely, for pelvic scans, drinking several glasses of water may be necessary to fill the bladder.
During the procedure, a small amount of gel is applied to the skin over the area to be scanned, aiding in the transmission of sound waves into the body. The ultrasound technician then uses a small instrument called a transducer to transmit ultrasound waves and receive their echoes. You may be asked to hold your breath or change positions to optimize imaging.
The echoes received by the transducer are processed by a computer and displayed on a screen in the ultrasound room. Once the scan is complete, the gel is wiped off.
Following the ultrasound, you can resume your normal routine and diet. However, if ultrasound was used during a needle biopsy, your doctor may provide specific follow-up instructions.