Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive condition with signs and symptoms that develop gradually over time, often becoming apparent only after significant lung damage has occurred. Once symptoms appear, they tend to worsen progressively.
The most common signs and symptoms of IPF include:
- Shortness of breath: Initially experienced during physical exertion, but eventually may occur even at rest.
- Dry, hacking cough: Persistent cough that may not improve and can become uncontrollable over time.
Additional signs and symptoms that may develop as the disease progresses include:
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Gradual, unintentional weight loss
- Fatigue or malaise (general feeling of being unwell)
- Muscle and joint aches
- Clubbing: Widening and rounding of fingertips or toes
IPF can also lead to other medical complications, such as collapsed lung, lung infections, blood clots in the lungs, and lung cancer. As the condition worsens, it may result in respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure, which can be life-threatening.
Early diagnosis and management of IPF are crucial for improving quality of life and slowing disease progression. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, improving lung function, and preventing complications. Regular medical monitoring and follow-up are essential for individuals with IPF to manage their condition effectively and address any emerging complications promptly.