What are the indications of Grave’s Disease?
Graves’ disease, named after Sir Robert Graves, who identified it in the early 19th century, ranks among the most prevalent thyroid disorders and is a primary cause of hyperthyroidism, characterized by excessive hormone secretion by the thyroid gland.
The manifestations of this ailment can be bothersome, yet there are generally no lasting negative health ramifications associated with it. Here are the symptoms:
- Hyperthyroidism and Metabolism
Graves’ disease patients typically display hyperthyroidism, though it can also stem from other causes like thyroid nodules or thyroiditis. An autoimmune element underlies Graves’ disease, wherein the body’s immune system attacks the thyroid gland, prompting it to overproduce thyroid hormone, thereby elevating metabolism. - Eye Complications
The condition can lead to eye tissue swelling, resulting in a distinct “staring” appearance. Bulging eyes, retracted eyelids, reduced blinking, double vision, itching, and tearing are common. Additionally, even if the thyroid gland function is normal, Graves’ disease can affect the eyes, potentially causing Graves’ ophthalmopathy or pretibial myxedema. - Goitre
An enlargement of the thyroid gland can cause a visible swelling in the lower front part of the neck. - Skin Manifestations
Occasionally, there might be swelling in the feet and lower legs, with thickened, darker, and itchy skin in these areas. - Rapid Heart Rate
Tachycardia, marked by a heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute, is a symptom of Graves’ disease. Arrhythmia or palpitations may also occur. - Unexplained Weight Loss
Sudden weight loss despite normal or increased food intake is common in Graves’ disease. - Women and Elderly
In women, menstrual irregularities or cessation may occur, while in older individuals, especially those with heart disease, Graves’ disease might contribute to heart failure or angina. - Other Symptoms
Additional symptoms include nervousness, anxiety, irritability, hand tremors, sweating, heat sensitivity, altered bowel habits, fatigue, muscle weakness, insomnia, skin thinning, and brittle hair.