Gastrointestinal amebiasis, caused by the single-celled parasite Entamoeba histolytica, commonly known as amoebas, is an infection affecting the large intestine. These parasites inhabit the large intestine and are transmitted through the feces of infected individuals, contaminating water sources in regions with poor sanitation. Additionally, fruits and vegetables grown in areas where human feces are used as fertilizers can also become contaminated. Approximately 10 percent of the global population is affected by Entamoeba histolytica, with higher prevalence in countries such as India, Africa, Mexico, Central, and South America.
The infection caused by amoebas may initially be asymptomatic, but over time, it can manifest with the following symptoms:
- Mild abdominal pain
- Gurgling sounds in the lower abdomen
- Frequent stools
- High fever
- Abdominal pain
- Episodes of diarrhea
When the amoebas migrate to the liver, individuals may experience the following symptoms:
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Weight loss
- Enlarged liver
- Dizziness
- Pain in the upper right abdomen
If you experience frequent episodes of diarrhea, particularly if it contains blood and mucus, or severe abdominal pain on the right side accompanied by a high temperature, it is important to contact your doctor promptly. Even persistent non-bloody mucus diarrhea requires immediate medical attention, as symptoms such as dehydration and dizziness should not be ignored.