While urinary tract infections (UTIs) can affect anyone, certain individuals may be at a higher risk of developing this condition.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a prevalent bacterial infection characterized by frequent urination or a persistent urge to urinate even after voiding the bladder. It can also cause discomfort and a burning sensation during urination. In more severe instances, individuals may observe blood in their urine or encounter abdominal pressure and cramps. While UTIs can affect individuals of all backgrounds, Dr. N Sapna Lulla, Lead Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Aster CMI Hospital in Bengaluru, highlights specific groups who may be particularly prone to this condition.
Females are more susceptible to UTIs
The bacteria responsible for UTIs typically reside in the vaginal or anal regions, and without adequate care and preventive measures, they can migrate into the urethra and ascend to the bladder, leading to an infection. Dr. Lulla notes that women possess a shorter urethra, which facilitates easier bacterial entry, thereby increasing their susceptibility to UTIs.
Surprisingly, women experience UTIs up to 30 times more frequently than men, and according to the Office on Women’s Health, four out of ten women who develop a UTI are likely to have another episode within six months.
Elderly Individuals
Age represents a significant risk factor for UTIs, particularly among older adults, especially women. Dr. Lulla suggests that this heightened risk could be attributed to weakened immune systems and other age-related factors. Furthermore, post-menopausal women, typically aged between 45 and 55, with a history of UTIs, have a four-fold higher chance of developing the condition, as indicated by a study published in the journal Aging Health.
Individuals Who Engage in Regular Sexual Activity
UTI is prevalent among individuals engaged in frequent sexual activity, particularly with multiple partners, according to Dr. Lulla. This is because during sexual intercourse, bacteria from the skin have an easier pathway to reach the urinary tract. However, it’s important to note that UTI is not classified as a Sexually Transmitted Infection since it cannot be transmitted to a partner through sexual activities.
People with a weakened immune system
Having a compromised immune system indicates that an individual’s immune system is weakened. In such cases, the body struggles to combat foreign pathogens like viruses, bacteria, or fungi, making them susceptible to severe infections, including UTIs. Dr. Lulla notes that people with compromised immune systems, such as those with diabetes or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), are at increased risk of developing UTIs.
Urinary retention refers to a condition marked by the incapacity to fully empty the bladder, allowing bacteria to thrive and cause urinary tract infections due to the stagnant urine. Additionally, individuals with urinary retention may require a catheter to facilitate bladder drainage. However, prolonged catheter usage heightens the risk of infection.
Conclusion
A UTI, a bacterial infection, is widespread and can affect anyone. However, certain demographics, such as women, older adults, individuals with compromised immune systems, and those experiencing urinary retention, are particularly susceptible.
Maintaining hydration stands as one of the simplest yet crucial methods to lower UTI risk. Additionally, practicing proper hygiene measures and adopting healthy intimate habits can decrease the likelihood of infection. For individuals engaging in frequent sexual activity, it’s essential to urinate both before and after intercourse. Moreover, ensuring to wipe from front to back, rather than back to front, helps prevent bacteria from entering the urinary tract.