To ensure timely diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, it’s crucial to be aware of all its signs and symptoms.
Prostate cancer ranks among the most widespread cancers globally and can be identified by paying attention to issues concerning the urinary system. The prostate gland, integral to the male reproductive system, is susceptible to cancer development, particularly in men aged 65 and older. Prostate cancer emerges when prostate cells undergo uncontrolled growth, leading to tumor formation. Positioned just below the bladder and in front of the rectum, prostate cancer primarily manifests through urological symptoms.
Dr. Sandeep Prasad, Consultant in Urology at Fortis Anandapur, Kolkata, in a conversation with the editorial team of OnlyMyHealth, sheds light on the typical symptoms of prostate cancer, as well as screening methods and treatment options.
Signs and Symptoms of Prostate Cancer
“Prostate cancer may not exhibit noticeable symptoms during its early stages,” emphasizes Dr. Prasad. “It’s crucial to understand that timely diagnosis and intervention are imperative,” he further emphasizes.
Therefore, it’s essential for individuals to remain vigilant of associated symptoms, which may include:
– Difficulty in urination
– Weak or disrupted urine flow
– Increased frequency of urination
– Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying
– Pelvic discomfort or pain, often around the waist
– Presence of blood in urine or semen
– Erectile dysfunction
– Fatigue and weakness
– Loss of appetite
– Unexplained weight loss
– Swelling in the legs or feet
Screening for Prostate Cancer
As per Dr. Prasad, prostate cancer can be detected through the following medical screenings:
Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
During a Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), a medical professional inserts a lubricated finger into the rectum to assess the prostate gland for any abnormalities.
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test
This blood test assesses the levels of a protein produced by the prostate gland. Elevated levels of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) can indicate prostate cancer, although they can also be caused by other conditions like an enlarged prostate or inflammation.
Biopsy
If abnormalities are detected during the Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) or Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) tests, a biopsy may be conducted to confirm the presence of cancer.
Diagnosis tests
Various diagnostic imaging tests, such as CT scan, MRI, or bone scan, as recommended by healthcare professionals, may be employed to evaluate the extent of cancer.
Treatment Options for Prostate Cancer
“Treatment for prostate cancer may encompass surgical intervention, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities,” explains Dr. Prasad.
“The selection of treatment depends on various factors, including the stage of cancer, its severity, and the overall health status of the patient,” he adds.
Dr. Prasad underscores the importance of regular screening for prostate cancer, as it aids in detecting the disease early when it is most amenable to treatment.