The primary indicator of micropenis in newborns is typically a penis length of less than 0.75 inches when gently extended.
Micropenis is a condition characterized by a penis of normal structure but smaller in size. Hormonal imbalances or genetic factors can contribute to its development. Healthcare professionals often detect this syndrome from birth through early childhood. Despite its size, a micropenis can function normally unless there are underlying health concerns. Individuals with a micropenis are still capable of urination and experiencing erections.
What are the indications and manifestations of micropenis
The primary indication of micropenis in newborns is a penis length of less than 0.75 inches when gently stretched. In adults, micropenis is typically defined as a length of 3.67 inches or less when gently stretched. While micropenis can occur naturally, it often accompanies other health conditions resulting from hormonal imbalances or congenital illnesses. The symptoms experienced by individuals with micropenis depend on its underlying cause. Although some individuals with micropenises may have reduced sperm counts, this is not universal.
What Causes Micropenis
Micropenis is often attributed to insufficient fetal testosterone levels, which can stem from various conditions such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Kallman syndrome, or more commonly, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism occurs when the hypothalamus, the part of the brain that regulates the autonomic nervous system and pituitary gland, fails to release hormones that stimulate the testicles to produce testosterone. This process is crucial for proper development and reproduction.
How to Recognize Micropenis
Micropenis can be diagnosed through a physical examination conducted by a healthcare provider. This examination involves gently stretching and measuring the penis, with the measurements compared to the size range typical for the individual’s age group. Micropenis may lead to potential challenges, as the small size of the penis can make penetration difficult and limit the ability to implant semen deep enough into the vagina.
Options for Treating Micropenis
Treating micropenis can be beneficial for individuals of all ages, but early diagnosis and intervention, particularly during infancy, tend to yield better outcomes. If a child is diagnosed with micropenis, the doctor may refer the child to a pediatric urologist or endocrinologist for further evaluation and management.
The primary approach to treating micropenis typically involves a short course of testosterone therapy. This treatment aims to evaluate the penis’s responsiveness to growth hormones. Your doctor may recommend testosterone injections or testosterone skin gel. Research indicates that testosterone treatment can enhance penile growth in many newborns, although the long-term effects into adolescence and adulthood remain uncertain. It’s important to use testosterone injections or skin gels only under the guidance of a doctor. If testosterone therapy fails to increase penis size, your doctor may explore alternative treatment options.