Managing a common cold typically involves alleviating its symptoms. This can be achieved through the use of over-the-counter medications and practicing self-care at home.
Over-the-Counter Remedies for Cold and Flu
Commonly used medications for cold symptoms include:
Painkillers: Ibuprofen, paracetamol, and aspirin are effective for alleviating cold-related discomfort. However, aspirin should not be given to children under 16 or lactating mothers. It’s essential to use age-appropriate versions of paracetamol and ibuprofen, typically in liquid form. Always adhere to the prescribed dosage from your doctor or follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. Avoid giving ibuprofen and paracetamol together to children, as this can lead to severe side effects. Some cold medicines may contain paracetamol, ibuprofen, or aspirin along with other ingredients, so consult your pharmacist or GP if you’re taking additional painkillers. Decongestants: These medications help reduce nasal congestion by shrinking swollen nasal passages, making breathing easier. However, their effectiveness against colds is limited, and their relief is temporary. Decongestants are generally safe, but prolonged use beyond seven days can result in rebound congestion. They should not be administered to children under six years old.
Self Care
Stay hydrated to replenish fluids lost through sweating and a runny nose. Rest is important, although there’s no specific guideline for how long to stay home from work or school; individuals usually know when they’re well enough to resume normal activities. Maintain a healthy diet, focusing on low-fat, high-fiber foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables. Steam inhalation can help alleviate congestion by loosening mucus, facilitating easier nose blowing. Gargling may also provide relief for a sore throat, a common flu symptom. Vapor rubs can be soothing for young children.