There are numerous ways to contract an STD, as any form of intimate contact can result in transmission. The following five are among the most prevalent STDs.
Although sex can be enjoyable, it carries risks, with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) being among the most common. Unfortunately, any form of intimate contact can result in contracting an STD, making regular testing essential. Continue reading to discover more about STDs and how you can safeguard yourself from them.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection affecting both men and women, especially among young adults. It is caused by bacteria present in semen, vaginal fluid, and saliva. The infection can spread through any sexual contact involving these bodily fluids and contact with the mucous membranes of the genitals, mouth, or anus.
Untreated chlamydia can lead to severe complications such as infertility or the need for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) treatment. Diagnosis can be challenging as chlamydia often presents no symptoms. If you suspect exposure to chlamydia, seeking testing at a clinic or doctor’s office is recommended.
HPV
Human papillomavirus (HPV) spreads through skin-to-skin contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex, leading to an HPV infection. While HPV often resolves on its own, untreated infections can result in serious health issues. Some HPV strains cause genital warts, manifesting as small, flesh-colored bumps around the genitals or anus. These warts can also appear around the mouth following oral sex with an infected individual. Left untreated, certain HPV strains can contribute to cervical cancer in women and throat cancer in men.
Fortunately, vaccines are available to prevent most HPV infections.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea, another bacterial sexually transmitted disease, spreads through oral, vaginal, and anal sex. If left untreated, gonorrhea can disseminate to other parts of the body, resulting in severe health complications.
Symptoms of gonorrhea may include a yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis, as well as painful urination.
HIV and AIDS
AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) can result from untreated HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection. HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual activity but can also spread through blood or other bodily fluids.
Reducing the risk of HIV transmission can be achieved by using condoms and undergoing testing before engaging in sexual activity.
Syphilis
Syphilis, another STD, can be effectively cured if treated early. This bacterial infection spreads through vaginal, anal, or oral sex, as well as from a pregnant woman to her baby during childbirth, posing significant risks.
Upon initial contraction, syphilis may manifest as a small, painless sore known as a chancre. If left untreated, these chancres can disappear, but the infection remains in the body, potentially leading to severe long-term health consequences.
Numerous diseases can be transmitted through sexual contact, and the aforementioned five are among the most prevalent.