Parents of babies and infants should be aware of these common illnesses and infections that affect newborns and young children.
Infants and toddlers require delicate care during their formative years, as they are particularly susceptible to allergies, infections, and illnesses. Newborns, especially those under six months old, are ineligible for flu shots or vaccines, leaving them vulnerable to seasonal infections and allergies. It’s crucial for new mothers and mothers of toddlers to remain vigilant for any signs of infection or illness. Dr. Santosh Kumar, a Consultant Paediatrician & Neonatologist at Motherhood Hospitals in Sarjapur, Bangalore, outlines ten common health issues affecting newborns and infants.
10 Typical Health Problems in Infants
Here are 10 typical issues or infections frequently encountered among newborn babies and toddlers.
Jaundice
Jaundice is remarkably common among newborn babies. It occurs due to elevated levels of bilirubin in their bloodstream, resulting in a yellowish discoloration of the skin. This condition is typically not a cause for concern, as many infants are born with jaundice. It may occur because the baby’s liver is not yet fully matured to efficiently process or eliminate the excess bilirubin. Breast milk jaundice is also observed in many newborns.
Obstructed tear ducts
The tear ducts in infants are quite tiny, making them prone to blockages from even small amounts of discharge or tears. This can lead to watery, irritated eyes and fussiness. While it often resolves on its own over time, mothers can help by gently cleansing away any sticky discharge with a warm compress. Additionally, gently massaging the inner corner of the eyelid can aid in preventing tear duct blockages.
Vomiting
It’s common for babies to spit up their food, but mothers often assist their babies in burping after feeding to help prevent excessive spitting up or vomiting. However, if you notice greenish or yellowish spit-up or vomit from your baby, it could indicate more serious issues that require evaluation by a pediatrician.
Fever
The onset of a common cold in a baby may indicate an underlying infection. If a fever surpasses 101 degrees Fahrenheit in infants or toddlers and persists for more than 24 hours, it is imperative to seek immediate medical attention from a pediatrician, as it could potentially be life-threatening.
Ear infections
This is a frequently encountered issue among infants and toddlers, often linked to various factors such as viral infections. Parents may notice their child pulling at their ear frequently or expressing discomfort, which could indicate an ear-related problem.
Abdominal distension
A baby’s abdomen typically appears rounded and soft. However, if you notice that your baby’s belly is protruding and feels unusually firm, it could indicate issues such as constipation, gas, or excessive air swallowing. It’s important to seek advice from a pediatrician promptly in such cases.
Skin problems
Skin rashes are prevalent among infants and toddlers, particularly diaper rashes in newborns. Prolonged wearing of a soiled diaper can lead to these rashes. Using diaper rash cream can effectively resolve this issue.
Diarrhoea
This is a typical response of a child’s body to any medication or food that causes stomach upset. There’s generally no cause for concern; just ensure your child stays hydrated. However, if you observe changes in stool, it’s advisable to consult a doctor to rule out any underlying medical issues.
Infantile Colic
Colic, like the other issues mentioned, is also commonly observed in babies. It’s characterized by incessant crying, typically occurring in the evening. Although there’s no specific cause, doctors often notice it occurring from around two weeks of age until the baby reaches four months old.
Bluish skin
This could result from inadequate blood circulation in the body, leading to reduced oxygen circulation. Cold extremities may indicate this issue, and if it occurs frequently, consulting a doctor is advisable.
Children are susceptible to various health conditions and ailments. The mentioned ten are among the most common issues newborns and infants face. It’s crucial for parents to be aware of these and monitor their child’s health closely.